ما هي Iterators و Generators؟

function* idGenerator() {
  let id = 1;
  while (true) {     // infinite, but lazy — only computes on demand
    yield id++;      // pause here, return a value, resume on next()
  }
}
const gen = idGenerator();
gen.next().value; // 1
gen.next().value; // 2 — execution resumed where it paused

// process a huge/infinite sequence without building it all in memory
function* take(iterable, n) {
  let i = 0;
  for (const x of iterable) {
    if (i++ >= n) return;
    yield x;
  }
}
[...take(idGenerator(), 3)]; // [1, 2, 3] — from an infinite generator

const range = {
  from: 1, to: 3,
  *[Symbol.iterator]() { for (let i = this.from; i <= this.to; i++) yield i; },
};
[...range]; // [1, 2, 3] — works with for...of and spread