Clustering propojuje více RabbitMQ uzlů do jednoho logického brokera — pro škálovatelnost a (s replikovanými frontami) vysokou dostupnost. Pochopení clusteringu a jeho nuancí je důležité pro spolehlivé škálování a provoz RabbitMQ.
Co je cluster
A RabbitMQ CLUSTER = multiple nodes acting as ONE logical broker:
→ nodes share METADATA (queue/exchange definitions, bindings, users, vhosts) across the cluster
→ clients can connect to any node; load is distributed across nodes
→ scales connection/channel capacity and distributes load
Fronty v clusteru (důležitá nuance)
⚠️ By default, a queue's DATA lives on ONE node (the node where it was declared):
→ other nodes know about the queue (metadata) but route to the owning node
→ if that node FAILS → the queue (and its messages) is UNAVAILABLE
→ so CLUSTERING ALONE does NOT make queues highly available!
→ for HA → use REPLICATED queues (QUORUM QUEUES) that replicate data across nodes
