Les exchanges et bindings flexibles de RabbitMQ supportent divers modèles de messagerie — files de travail, publish/subscribe, routage, topics, et request/reply (RPC). Comprendre ces modèles est essentiel pour utiliser RabbitMQ selon différents besoins de communication.
Files de travail (distribution de tâches)
WORK QUEUE → distribute tasks among multiple WORKERS (competing consumers):
→ producer → queue → multiple consumers (each message to ONE worker) → parallel processing
→ for: distributing background work; scaling task processing
Publish/Subscribe (diffusion)
PUB/SUB → broadcast a message to MULTIPLE consumers (each gets a copy):
→ FANOUT exchange → every bound queue gets the message → all consumers receive it
→ for: broadcasting events to all interested parties (notifications, updates)
