Elastic Load Balancing (ELB) incoming traffic को कई targets (EC2 instances, containers, आदि) में वितरित करता है — availability (कोई single point of failure नहीं) और scalability (load फैलाना) में सुधार करता है। यह विश्वसनीय, scalable applications के लिए एक मुख्य component है।
एक load balancer क्या करता है
A LOAD BALANCER sits in front of multiple backend targets and distributes requests:
Client → LOAD BALANCER → ┬→ Instance 1
├→ Instance 2
└→ Instance 3
→ spreads traffic across targets (scalability + no single instance overloaded)
→ HEALTH CHECKS: routes only to HEALTHY targets (an unhealthy one is bypassed)
→ if a target fails, traffic goes to the others → HIGH AVAILABILITY
→ single entry point (clients hit the LB, not individual instances)
