It genuinely can — this is a real risk, not a moral panic. The closest analogy is navigation atrophy: people who follow GPS turn by turn often lose their sense of direction, because they outsourced the thinking that built it. The same can happen with code: if AI does all the reasoning, the muscle that does reasoning weakens. The goal is to use AI to build skill, not to replace it.
AI is a power tool, and power tools make it easy to stop building the underlying strength. The developers who stay sharp will be intentional: leaning on AI for leverage on the routine, while deliberately keeping the hard reasoning in their own hands. Used to augment thinking it makes you stronger; used to avoid thinking it quietly makes you weaker — and the difference is a choice you make every day.