Piye carane nangani kesalahan ing JavaScript, kalebu kode async?

Question

Accepted Answer

Kesalahan sinkron nggunakaken **`try/catch/finally`**, lan sampeyan kudu `throw` obyek `Error` (dudu string) supaya sampeyan entuk stack trace.

```js
try {
  const data = JSON.parse(input);
} catch (err) {
  if (err instanceof SyntaxError) handleBadJson(err);
  else throw err;        // re-throw what you can't handle
} finally {
  cleanup();             // always runs
}
```

## Penanganan kesalahan async beda-beda miturut gaya

```js
// async/await → wrap awaits in try/catch
async function load() {
  try {
    return await fetch(url).then(r => r.json());
  } catch (err) { showError(err); }
}

// promises → use .catch
fetch(url).then(use).catch(showError);
```

## Jebakan umum: try/catch ora nangani async callback

```js
try {
  setTimeout(() => { throw new Error("boom"); }, 0); // ❌ NOT caught
} catch (e) { /* never runs — the throw happens later, outside this stack */ }
```

Callback `setTimeout` bisa urun ing tick sabanjure, dadi `try` ing saubengé wis ilang. Tangani kesalahan *sajroning* callback.

## Global safety nets

```js
window.addEventListener("unhandledrejection", e => log(e.reason)); // browser
process.on("unhandledRejection", err => log(err));                 // Node
```

## Best practices

- Throw `Error` (utawa custom subclasses) kanggo stack traces lan `instanceof` checks.
- Catch **spesifik** ing papan sampeyan bisa pulih; ati kesalahan tak kakehan ngembul.
- Aja meneng-meneng nangani kesalahan (`catch (e) {}`). Tansah log utawa rethrow.