Il-konkorrenza ta' Swift tħallik tikteb kodiċi asinkroniku li jinqara bħal kodiċi sinkroniku bl-użu ta' async/await, filwaqt li l-compiler jinforza s-sikurezza kontra d-data races. Task jibda xogħol konkorrenti, l-actors jipproteġu stat mutabbli, u jiggarantixxi li l-kodiċi tal-UI jaħdem fuq il-main thread.
@MainActorawait jimmarka suspension point: il-funzjoni tista' twaqqaf hemm, u teħles il-thread għal xogħol ieħor, u terġa' tibda meta l-valur mistenni jkun lest — l-ebda callbacks, l-ebda blokkar tal-thread.
func loadProfile() async throws -> Profile {
let user = try await fetchUser() // suspends, thread reused
let posts = try await fetchPosts(user) // runs after user resolves
return Profile(user: user, posts: posts)
}
// Start async work from a sync context
Task {
let profile = try await loadProfile()
await MainActor.run { render(profile) } // UI update on main thread
}
Actor jissereġġa l-aċċess għall-istat mutabbli tiegħu — task wieħed biss imissu f'ħin partikolari, u għalhekk l-ebda locks u l-ebda data races.
actor ImageCache {
private var store: [URL: Image] = [:]
func image(for url: URL) -> Image? { store[url] } // isolated
func insert(_ img: Image, for url: URL) { store[url] = img }
}
@MainActor
final class ViewModel: ObservableObject { // all members run on main thread
@Published var title = ""
}
async let u TaskGroup jħaddmu l-ulied b'mod parallel u jistennewhom flimkien; il-kanċellazzjoni tal-ġenitur tikkanċella l-ulied.
async let a = fetchA() // both start immediately, in parallel
async let b = fetchB()
let (x, y) = try await (a, b)
@MainActor fuq aġġornamenti tal-UI, dan jikkawża twissijiet ta' "Publishing changes from background thread".Task { } jiret il-kuntest tal-actor; Task.detached le — użah bil-galbu.async/await ħa post il-completion handlers annidati fil-fond ("callback hell") u issa l-compiler jaqbad id-data races waqt il-build. L-intervistaturi jaraw li tifhem is-suspension points, l-iżolament tal-actors, u @MainActor — il-mudell li jagħmel il-konkorrenza moderna ta' iOS kemm tinqara faċilment kif ukoll sikura.
Librerija ta' mistoqsijiet ta' intervisti tal-IT b'tweġibiet dettaljati — minn Junior sa Senior.
Iddona