Faili la AndroidManifest.xml ni nini?

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**AndroidManifest.xml** ni faili muhimu la usanidi linalo**tangaza** vipengele vya programu, ruhusa, na metadata kwa mfumo wa Android. Kila programu ya Android ina moja, na mfumo wa uendeshaji huisoma ili kuelewa muundo na mahitaji ya programu. ## Manifest inatangaza nini ```text The AndroidManifest.xml tells the Android system about the app: → COMPONENTS — declares activities, services, broadcast receivers, content providers (components must be declared here to be usable) → PERMISSIONS — what the app needs (internet, camera, location, etc.) → app METADATA — package name, app icon, label, theme, min/target SDK versions → INTENT FILTERS — what intents components can respond to (e.g. the launcher activity) → hardware/software FEATURES required; other configuration ``` ## Mfano wa muundo ```xml

``` ## Majukumu muhimu ```text ✓ COMPONENTS must be declared here or the system won't know about them (won't run) ✓ PERMISSIONS declared here; dangerous ones also need RUNTIME requests (see permissions) ✓ The LAUNCHER intent-filter marks the app's entry-point activity ✓ Defines min/target SDK (compatibility), app metadata, and configuration ``` ## Kwa nini ni muhimu Kuelewa AndroidManifest.xml ni jambo la msingi kwa sababu ni faili muhimu katika kila programu ya Android linalo**tangaza muundo wa programu kwa mfumo**, hivyo ni maarifa ya lazima kuyajua. Manifest ndiyo jinsi Android inavyojifunza kuhusu programu: inatangaza **vipengele** (activities, services, broadcast receivers, content providers — ambavyo **lazima vitangazwe hapa au mfumo hautavifahamu na havitaendeshwa**, hitaji la msingi), **ruhusa** ambazo programu inahitaji (intaneti, kamera, eneo, n.k.), **metadata** ya programu (jina la package, ikoni, lebo, mandhari, na muhimu zaidi matoleo ya min/target SDK kwa upatanifu), na **intent filters** (ikiwemo launcher filter inayoashiria activity ya sehemu ya kuanzia ya programu). Kuelewa majukumu haya ni muhimu kwa uendelezaji wowote wa Android: unatangaza kila kipengele unachokiunda katika manifest, unaomba ruhusa ambazo programu yako inahitaji, na unasanidi metadata ya programu hapo. Manifest inahusika katika vipengele vya msingi vya kila programu — kutangaza vipengele (bila ambavyo havifanyi kazi), ruhusa (bila ambazo vipengele hushindwa), na sehemu ya kuanzia (bila ambayo programu haitazinduliwa ipasavyo). Kuielewa kwa hivyo ni maarifa muhimu ya kiutendaji kwa kujenga programu yoyote ya Android, kwani utaihariri kila unapoongeza vipengele, ruhusa, au kubadilisha usanidi. Kwa kuwa AndroidManifest.xml ni faili muhimu, lililopo daima linalotangaza vipengele vya programu, ruhusa, na metadata kwa mfumo (na vipengele lazima vitangazwe hapo ili vifanye kazi), na kwa kuwa kuielewa ni muhimu kwa kujenga programu yoyote ya Android, kuelewa AndroidManifest.xml ni maarifa muhimu ya msingi ya Android — faili kuu la usanidi ambalo kila msanidi wa Android hufanya kazi nalo, ni lazima kwa kutangaza vipengele, kusimamia ruhusa, na kusanidi programu, na ni jambo la msingi kwa jinsi programu za Android zinavyoundwa na kueleweka na mfumo.