Ni nini faida na ubaya wa microservices?

Question

Accepted Answer

Microservices hubadilisha **unyenyekevu wa uendeshaji** kwa **uhuru na scalability**. Zinasaidia mifumo mikubwa na timu, lakini zinaongeza utata wa mifumo iliyosambazwa.

## Faida

- **Usambaji wa kujitegemea** — toa huduma moja bila kutolewa kwa kumalizia.
- **Ukubwa wa kujitegemea** — kubwa huduma inayofanya kazi vizuri tu.
- **Uhuru wa teknolohia** — chagua lugha/DB sahihi kwa kila huduma.
- **Mtenganisho wa hitilafu** — huduma moja inayoshindwa haisemi kuharuba mfumo.
- **Uhuru wa timu** — timu ndogo wanaomiliki huduma tangu mwanzo hadi mwisho.

## Ubaya

```text
✗ Distributed-systems complexity (network failures, retries, timeouts)
✗ Eventual consistency instead of simple ACID transactions
✗ Harder testing & debugging across service boundaries
✗ Operational overhead (CI/CD, monitoring, tracing per service)
✗ Network latency between services
```

## Uzani wa asili

```text
Monolith pain  ──────────────▶  grows with code/team size
Microservice pain ───────────▶  high fixed cost, flatter slope

→ Below a certain scale, a monolith is simply cheaper.
```

## Kwa nini ni muhimu

Faida ni za shirikisho na uendeshaji, si magic — zinalipwa wakati timu nyingi zinakusudiwa kusambaza kwa kujitegemea na kuongeza ukubwa wa sehemu tofauti.

Ubaya ni mbele na endelevu.

Ikwa hutaweza kuingia kwa otometi, uchunguzi, na CI/CD, microservices itakuandika polepole badala ya kukuongeza kasi.