Kuandika URL huanzisha mnyororo wa hatua za mtandao: browser hubaini anwani ya IP ya server, hufungua muunganisho nayo, hutuma HTTP request, hupokea response, na huchora ukurasa. Hapa ni mtiririko wa mwanzo-hadi-mwisho kwa https://example.com:
You type https://example.com
│
▼
1. URL PARSE split scheme (https) + host (example.com) + path (/)
│
▼
2. DNS example.com ──▶ 93.184.216.34 (resolve name → IP)
│
▼
3. TCP 3-way handshake to 93.184.216.34:443 (open connection)
│
▼
4. TLS handshake: verify certificate + agree on keys (encrypt)
│
▼
5. HTTP GET / HTTP/1.1 Host: example.com (send request)
│
▼
6. RESPONSE 200 OK + HTML (server replies)
│
▼
7. RENDER parse HTML → fetch CSS/JS/images → build DOM → paint
