offset 是 partition 内每个事件的唯一、顺序 ID —— 标记其位置。消费者跟踪和提交 offset,以了解他们已消费的内容,从而实现恢复、重放和可靠处理。
Offset 是什么
OFFSET → the position/ID of an event within a PARTITION:
→ each partition is an ordered log; events get incrementing offsets (0, 1, 2, ...)
→ an offset uniquely identifies an event's position in its partition
→ events are RETAINED → the log keeps events (offsets remain valid for the retention period)
消费者如何使用 offset
→ a consumer reads events in order and tracks its CURRENT offset (where it has read to)
→ COMMITTING an offset → records "I've processed up to here" → on restart, resume from
the committed offset (don't reprocess everything)
→ consumers can SEEK to any offset → REPLAY old events, skip ahead, reprocess from a point
→ each consumer GROUP tracks its own offsets per partition (independent progress)
