Federation 和 shovel 是 RabbitMQ 的功能,用于连接独立的 broker — 跨位置或网络在 RabbitMQ 实例之间移动消息。它们支持在不可靠链路上跨数据中心进行分布式消息传递,无需集群。
连接独立 broker 的需求
Clustering connects nodes on a RELIABLE, low-latency network. But sometimes you need to
connect brokers across DATA CENTERS / regions / unreliable networks:
→ clustering is UNSUITABLE for high-latency/unreliable links (it needs tight coupling)
→ FEDERATION and SHOVEL link separate brokers loosely (good for WAN/geo-distribution)
