Las entrevistas de diseño de sistemas evalúan tu capacidad para diseñar sistemas a gran escala — son comunes en roles mid/senior. El éxito implica un enfoque estructurado: aclarar requisitos, diseñar a alto nivel, profundizar en detalles, y discutir compensaciones y escalabilidad.
A structured approach
1. CLARIFY requirements → functional (what it does) + non-functional (scale, latency,
availability); ask about scope, users, constraints (don't assume — narrow the problem)
2. ESTIMATE scale → users, requests/sec, data volume (informs the design)
3. HIGH-LEVEL design → main components and data flow (API, services, database, cache,
etc.); draw the architecture
4. DEEP DIVE → detail key components; data model; specific challenges
5. SCALE & TRADE-OFFS → identify bottlenecks; discuss scaling (caching, load balancing,
sharding, replication); trade-offs of choices
