Oferfheidhmiú (cuimhneoimm an múnla ar shonraí traenála agus teipeann sé ar shonraí nua) agus faillí feidhmithe (an múnla ró-shimplí chun na patrúin a ghabháil) iad dhá fhadhb bhunúsach in ML. Iad a bhualadh ar bhealach cothrom — generalization maith a bhaint amach — is lár-imeall atá ann do mhúnlaí éifeachtach a thógáil.
Oferfheidhmiú vs faillí feidhmithe
OVERFITTING → the model learns the training data TOO well (including noise) →
→ performs great on training data but POORLY on new/unseen data (doesn't generalize)
→ too complex; memorizes rather than learns general patterns
→ like memorizing answers vs understanding the concept
UNDERFITTING → the model is TOO SIMPLE to capture the underlying patterns →
→ performs poorly on BOTH training and new data
→ not enough complexity/capacity to learn the patterns
→ the goal is GENERALIZATION: learn real patterns → perform well on NEW data
