Menene Java kuma menene "rubuta sau daya, fara a saita ko'ina"?

Question

Accepted Answer

**Java** wata matsanantsu-matsanantsu, tsaye-tsohuwa, abin ubangiji harshe ne, wanda aka yi amfani da shi domin ya zama **abin asafi na dandali**. Tanin soyayya — **"rubuta sau daya, fara a saita ko'ina" (WORA)** — tana kama kyakkyawar ilimin ta: Java da aka taraw yana aiki akan gadon kowane na JVM, ba tare da sake taraw ba.

## Me yasa take muhimmanci

```text
Java source (.java)
      │  javac (compiler)
      ▼
Bytecode (.class) — platform-INDEPENDENT intermediate code
      │  JVM (Java Virtual Machine) interprets/JIT-compiles it
      ▼
Runs on Windows / Linux / Mac — the SAME bytecode, any platform with a JVM
```

```java
// Hello.java
public class Hello {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("Hello, World");
    }
}
// javac Hello.java → Hello.class (bytecode) → `java Hello` runs anywhere
```

Ba kamar C/C++ ba (waɗanda suke taraw zuwa lambar iska na dandali na takaice), Java ta taraw zuwa **bytecode** wanda JVM ya fassara zuwa jagoran injin na aiki a lokakin aiki. Don haka abin gida na taraw yana aiki ba tare da canji a duk operating systems — JVM tana ɓoyewa bambance-bambancen dandali.

## Muhimman siffofi

```text
✓ Statically typed   — types checked at compile time (catch errors early)
✓ Object-oriented    — everything organized in classes
✓ Platform-independent — bytecode + JVM = WORA
✓ Automatic memory management — garbage collection (no manual free)
✓ Strong ecosystem   — vast libraries, Spring, mature tooling
✓ Backward-compatible — old code keeps running on new JVMs
```

## Abin Java ana amfani da shi don

```text
✓ Enterprise back-ends (Spring) — banking, large-scale systems
✓ Android apps (historically the primary language)
✓ Big data (Hadoop, Spark, Kafka are JVM-based)
✓ Large, long-lived systems where stability and tooling matter
```

## Me yasa take muhimmanci

Sanin Java sanin gida — tsaye-tsohuwa, abin ubangiji harshe wanda **compile-to-bytecode + JVM** tsarin ya ƙawata "rubuta sau daya, fara a saita ko'ina" — wanda ya bayyana dalilin da yasa ya zama babbar karye a gidaje da Android bada.

WORA ya kasua: ya 'a Java daga dandali-takaice taraw, da kuma tsaunin JVM (aiki, tsokaci, kayan aiki) tare da karfi-tsaye tsohuwa ya sa Java zaɓi aminci ga tsabar, kamar jiya-zane tsarin.

Abin gida na gida wannan ya yi fuse kome da sauran game da harshe da kuma sayen sa.