Apa iku Django admin?

Question

Accepted Answer

**Django admin** minangka antarmuka berbasis web sing digawe kanthi otomatis kanggo ngatur data aplikasine — UI CRUD sing berfungsi lengkap kanggo model-modelmu sing bisa diparani meh gratis. Iku minangka salah siji fitur "batteries-included" paling misuwur Django.

## Nggoleki (meh) gratis

```python
# admin.py — register a model to manage it in the admin
from django.contrib import admin
from .models import Article

admin.site.register(Article)
# That's it — Django generates a full CRUD interface for Article:
# list, create, edit, delete, with forms auto-built from the model fields
```

Karo siji baris sing ndaftarake model, Django ngasilake antarmuka lengkap kanggo nglisting, ngcari, nggawe, ngowahi, lan ngapus record — form, validasi, lan kabeh, dijabarine kanthi otomatis saka definisi model. Gawe superuser (`createsuperuser`) lan bukak `/admin/`.

## Ngatemi admin

```python
@admin.register(Article)
class ArticleAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ("title", "author", "published", "created_at")  # columns in the list
    list_filter = ("published", "created_at")                       # sidebar filters
    search_fields = ("title", "body")                               # a search box
    ordering = ("-created_at",)
    list_editable = ("published",)                                  # edit inline in the list
    readonly_fields = ("created_at",)
    prepopulated_fields = {"slug": ("title",)}                      # auto-fill slug from title
```

Kelas `ModelAdmin` ngatemi antarmuke — kolom apa sing ditampilake, filter, panggolèkan, èditan inline, urutan — ngluwari admin generik dadi alat pangatur data sing dipérang.

## Apa sing ditangani kanthi otomatis dening admin

```text
✓ Full CRUD operations with auto-generated forms (from model fields)
✓ User authentication & permissions (per-model add/change/delete permissions)
✓ Validation, relationships (foreign keys as dropdowns, inlines for related objects)
✓ Search, filtering, pagination, bulk actions, history/audit log
```

## Kapan nggunakake (lan kapan ora)

```text
✓ GREAT for: internal admin/staff tools, content management, quick data entry,
  prototyping, letting non-developers manage data
✗ NOT a public-facing UI — it's for trusted staff/admins, not end users
  (build your own views/templates for the public app)
```

## Mengapa iki penting

Django admin minangka fitur sing misuwur lan mundhakke produktivitas sing ngontolèsi filosofi "batteries-included" — menehi sliramu antarmuke pangatur data lengkap lan fungsional meh gratis, asalé saka model-modelmu kanthi otomatis.

Nangertèke iku berharga amarga nglipur waktu pangembangan raksasa kanggo kabutuhan sing umum banget: antarmuke jero kanggo staf utawa administrator kanggo ngatur data aplikasi (konten, pangguna, pesan, konfigurasi).

Meménta ngasilake layar CRUD ing tangan, sampeyan ndaftarake model lan nggoleki antarmuke sing sopan lan sadar ijin kanthi enggal, banjur sampeyan ngatemi kanthi deklaratif (`list_display`, `list_filter`, `search_fields`, inline) supaya cocog karo kabutuhan sampeyan.

Niki ngawèake iku cocok kanggo alat jero, manajemen konten, prototipe, lan ngalasakake anggota tim sing ora teknis kanggo ngatur data.

Nangertèke cara ndaftarake lan ngatemi model ing admin — lan memaham panggunaan sing tepat (alat kuat kanggo **pangguna jero sing dipercaya**, *dudu* pengganti kanggo UI sing menghadap umum, sing sampeyan asilake misah-isah) — minangka kawruh praktis lan asring dienggo Django.

Admin asring dijancok minangka alasan kunci mengapa tim milih Django, amargi ngilangake kategori ageng karya pangembangan repetitif lan bener-bener minangka salah siji penawaran paling migunani lan lintas khas framework.