Apa iku API gateway lan liyane apa iki digunakake?

Question

Accepted Answer

**API gateway** iku titik mlebu tunggal sing lungguh ing ngarep microservices mu. Klien ngilang gateway, sing nyuto request menyang layanan sing tepat lan nangani kepentingan cross-cutting.

## Mengapa penting

- **Routing** — ngirim `/orders/*` menyang layanan orders.
- **Authentication** — verifikasi token sapakale ing pinggir.
- **Rate limiting** — melindungi backend saka penyalahgunaan.
- **Aggregation** — gabungake sawetara panggilan layanan dadi siji respons.
- **TLS termination, logging, caching.**

```text
            ┌─────────────────────────────┐
  Clients ─▶│        API Gateway          │
            │  auth · rate-limit · route  │
            └──┬──────────┬──────────┬────┘
               ▼          ▼          ▼
           Orders     Payments    Users
```

## Contoh konfigurasi

```yaml
# gateway routes
routes:
  - path: /orders/**
    service: orders-service   # forward order traffic here
    rateLimit: 100/min        # throttle abusive clients
  - path: /users/**
    service: users-service
    auth: required            # gateway enforces auth before routing
```

## Jebakan

Gateway bisa dadi **titik kegagalan tunggal** lan bottleneck. Jalanake nang kahanatan tinggi lan njaga logika bisnis metu saka iku.

## Mengapa penting

Gateway mbebasake saben layanan saka ngulang-ulang autentikasi, pembatasan rate, lan TLS, lan menehi klien URL stabil siji tinimbang puluhan.

Tanpa iku, klien kudu ngerti alamat saben layanan lan duplikasi logika cross-cutting, sing kanthi cepet dadi ora bisa dikelola.