Docker Linux kernel features वापरते — namespaces (isolation), cgroups (resource control), आणि union filesystems (layered images) — हल्के वजनाचे containers तयार करण्यासाठी. अंतर्निहित यंत्रणा समजून घेतल्याने हे स्पष्ट होते की containers कसे isolation आणि efficiency प्राप्त करतात.
Namespaces — isolation
Linux NAMESPACES isolate what a process can SEE — giving each container its own view:
PID namespace → its own process tree (container sees only its processes)
NET namespace → its own network interfaces, IPs, ports
MNT namespace → its own filesystem mounts
UTS namespace → its own hostname
IPC, USER namespaces → isolated IPC, user/group ID mapping
→ Namespaces are WHY a container feels like a separate machine (isolated view),
while actually sharing the host kernel.
