Bagaimanakah layout dan view berfungsi dalam Android? · Latihan Temu Duga IT

Bagaimanakah layout dan view berfungsi dalam Android?

UI Android dibina daripada View (widget UI seperti butang, teks) yang disusun oleh ViewGroup/layout (bekas seperti LinearLayout, ConstraintLayout). Secara tradisi ia ditakrifkan dalam layout XML, manakala Android moden semakin menggunakan Jetpack Compose (deklaratif). Memahami sistem view adalah asas untuk membina UI.

View dan ViewGroup

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VIEW → a single UI element (TextView, Button, ImageView, EditText, etc.)
VIEWGROUP → a container that holds/arranges child views (LinearLayout, ConstraintLayout,
  FrameLayout, RecyclerView, etc.) — layouts ARE ViewGroups
→ UIs are a TREE of views inside view groups (composition).

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LinearLayout → arrange children in a row OR column
ConstraintLayout → flexible, flat layouts via constraints between views (modern, efficient,
  the recommended layout for complex UIs)
FrameLayout → stack/overlay children
RecyclerView → efficient scrolling lists (recycles views for performance — key for lists)

xml

<!-- define the UI declaratively in an XML layout file -->
<LinearLayout android:orientation="vertical" ...>
  <TextView android:text="Hello" .../>
  <Button android:id="@+id/myButton" android:text="Click" .../>
</LinearLayout>

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JETPACK COMPOSE → modern DECLARATIVE UI toolkit (Kotlin code, no XML):
  → describe UI as composable functions; reactive (UI updates with state)
  → Google's recommended modern approach (similar idea to Flutter/React)
→ New apps increasingly use Compose; XML layouts still common in existing apps.

Bagaimanakah layout dan view berfungsi dalam Android?

View dan ViewGroup

Layout lazim (ViewGroup)

Layout XML (tradisional)

Moden: Jetpack Compose

Mengapa ia penting