Horizontal Pod Autoscaler (HPA) ले अवलोकन गरिएका metric (CPU, memory, वा custom) का आधारमा Pod replica थप्छ वा हटाउँछ। Cluster Autoscaler (CA) ले Pod schedule हुन नसक्दा वा node कम प्रयोग हुँदा node थप्छ वा हटाउँछ। तिनी फरक तहमा चल्छन् र सँगै काम गर्छन्।
दुई autoscaler, दुई तह
HPA → scales PODS (more/fewer replicas of a Deployment) — reacts to LOAD
CA → scales NODES (grows/shrinks the cluster's machines) — reacts to PENDING Pods
VPA → (bonus) adjusts a Pod's requests/limits — reacts to right-sizing
Typical flow: load rises → HPA adds Pods → Pods can't fit → CA adds a node →
Pods schedule. Load drops → HPA removes Pods → node idle → CA removes it.
