IA, aprendizado de máquina (ML) e aprendizado profundo são conceitos relacionados mas distintos — eles formam conceitos aninhados, com aprendizado profundo sendo um subconjunto de ML, e ML sendo um subconjunto de IA. Compreender sua relação esclarece o campo.
O relacionamento aninhado
AI (Artificial Intelligence) → the broadest: machines performing tasks that require
human-like intelligence (reasoning, learning, perception, decision-making)
└─ MACHINE LEARNING (ML) → a subset: systems that LEARN from DATA (improve at a task
from examples) rather than being explicitly programmed with rules
└─ DEEP LEARNING → a subset of ML: uses multi-layered NEURAL NETWORKS to learn
complex patterns (powers modern AI: vision, language, etc.)
→ AI ⊃ ML ⊃ Deep Learning (each is a more specific subset)
