Dart je programski jezik, ki se uporablja za gradnjo Flutter aplikacij — moderni, objektno-usmerjeni jezik družbe Google, zasnovan za gradnjo uporabnišких vmesnikov. Razumevanje ključnih lastnosti Darta (njegova sintaksa, null varnost, asinkrena podpora in kako se kompajlira) je potrebno za razvoj Flutter aplikacij.
Kaj je Dart
Dart = Google's language for Flutter (and more):
→ OBJECT-ORIENTED, statically typed (with type inference)
→ familiar C-style/Java-like syntax (easy for many developers to pick up)
→ designed for UI development; compiles to native code (mobile) and JavaScript (web)
Ključne lastnosti Darta
// variables and types (statically typed with inference)
var name = 'Ann'; // inferred String
int age = 30; // explicit type
final pi = 3.14; // final (can't reassign)
const max = 100; // compile-time constant
// null safety — types are non-nullable by default
String name; // can't be null
String? nickname; // nullable (the ? allows null) — prevents null errors
// functions (including arrow syntax)
int add(int a, int b) => a + b;
// classes
class Person {
final String name;
Person(this.name); // concise constructor
}
