Miundo mbalimbali ya mitandao ya neural inafaa kwa data na kazi tofauti — CNNs kwa picha, RNNs kwa mifuatano, na transformers kwa lugha (na kwa kasi inayoongezeka kila kitu). Kuelewa miundo iyi kuu kunaweka wazi jinsi AI inavyoshughulikia matatizo mabadilika.
Miundo iyi kuu
CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) → for IMAGES/spatial data:
→ uses convolutions to detect local features (edges, shapes) hierarchically
→ for: image classification, object detection, computer vision
RNN (Recurrent Neural Network) → for SEQUENCES/time-series:
→ processes sequences step by step, maintaining a 'memory' of previous inputs
→ for: text, time-series, speech (older approach; LSTM/GRU variants)
⚠️ struggles with long sequences; largely SUPERSEDED by transformers for language
TRANSFORMER → for SEQUENCES (language) and increasingly everything:
→ attention mechanism; parallel; the dominant modern architecture (LLMs)
→ for: language (LLMs), and now vision, audio, multimodal
