Ni aina gani za utumiaji na matokeo ya kujenga ambayo Next.js inasaidia?

Question

Accepted Answer

Next.js inasaidia malengo kadhaa ya utumiaji, yanayodhibitiwa kwa sehemu na usanidi wa **`output`**. Chaguo sahihi linategemea ikiwa unahitaji seva ya Node, kontena, au kukamatia kwa mtandaoni kabisa.

## Maadhimisho ya matokeo ya kujenga

```js
// next.config.js
module.exports = {
  // output: undefined  → default: needs a Node.js server (full features)
  // output: "standalone" → self-contained folder for Docker/containers
  // output: "export"     → pure static HTML/CSS/JS (no server)
};
```

## 1. Chaguo-msingi (seva ya Node) — huduma kamili

Inayoendesa seva ya Node.js, hivyo unakuwa na **kila kitu**: SSR, ISR, Server Actions, Route Handlers, uboreshaji wa picha, middleware. Hii ndilo linalotumika na minajili kama **Vercel** (muumba wa Next.js, bila usanidi) na watumiaji wa Node.

## 2. output: "standalone" — kwa Docker / kukamatia mwenyewe

```dockerfile
# Next traces only the needed files into .next/standalone → a tiny, self-contained server
COPY --from=builder /app/.next/standalone ./
CMD ["node", "server.js"]
```

`standalone` hutoa kabrasha kidogo na tu tegemezi zilizotumiwa halisi, kamili kwa picha ndogo za Docker kwenye AWS, GCP, seva zako mwenyewe, n.k. Unabaki na huduma zote za seva.

## 3. output: "export" — kabisa sawa

```text
next build → out/  (plain HTML/CSS/JS, deployable to any static host: S3, GitHub Pages, Netlify CDN)
```

Uvikaji wa sawa unatoa kukamatia rahisi, rahisi lakini **kineza huduma za seva**: hakuna SSR, hakuna ISR, hakuna Route Handlers, hakuna Server Actions, hakuna uboreshaji wa picha kwa haraka. Inafaa tu kwa tovuti sawa kabisa.

## Kuchagua

```text
Need SSR/ISR/Server Actions, want zero-config → Vercel (or a Node host) — default output
Want containers / self-host with full features → output: "standalone" + Docker
Purely static content (docs, marketing)        → output: "export" → any static CDN
```

## Mazingatio mengine

```text
- Runtime choice (Edge vs Node) affects where functions run
- Self-hosting ISR/caching needs persistent storage or a shared cache
- Image optimization on non-Vercel hosts may need a custom loader
```

## Kwa nini ni muhimu

Utumiaji sio sawa kwa kila mtu: njia ya `output` inakamatia huduma gani za Next.js zinabaki.

Kujua kwamba matokeo **ya chaguo-msingi/Node** yanakatika uwezo wote wa seva, **standalone** inayapakisha kwa Docker/kukamatia mwenyewe, na **export** inayobadilisha huduma zote za seva kwa kukamatia kwa mtandaoni kabisa hukuruhusu kulinganisha kujenga na majengo yako — na kuepuka mitego ya `output: "export"` kuvunja SSR/ISR/Server Actions kwa kimya.