常见的 CI/CD 工具有哪些？ · IT 面试练习

常见的 CI/CD 工具有哪些？

许多工具实现 CI/CD pipeline — GitHub Actions、GitLab CI/CD、Jenkins、CircleCI 等。它们自动化代码的构建、测试和部署。理解这个生态系统以及它们的配置方式是实用知识。

常见的 CI/CD 工具

text

GITHUB ACTIONS → CI/CD built into GitHub; YAML workflows in the repo; huge marketplace
  of reusable actions; popular for GitHub-hosted projects (easy, integrated)
GITLAB CI/CD → built into GitLab; .gitlab-ci.yml; integrated with GitLab's DevOps platform
JENKINS → the classic, self-hosted, highly-extensible (plugins) automation server;
  flexible/powerful but more setup/maintenance
CIRCLECI, TRAVIS CI → cloud-based CI/CD services
AZURE DEVOPS, AWS CodePipeline, Google Cloud Build → cloud-provider CI/CD
ArgoCD, Flux → GitOps continuous deployment for Kubernetes

yaml

# example: GitHub Actions workflow (.github/workflows/ci.yml)
name: CI
on: [push, pull_request]      # triggers
jobs:
  test:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4         # check out code
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4        # set up Node
      - run: npm install                   # install deps
      - run: npm test                      # run tests
      - run: npm run build                 # build

text

→ GitHub Actions if you're on GitHub (integrated, easy); GitLab CI if on GitLab
→ Jenkins for maximum flexibility/control or self-hosting (at the cost of maintenance)
→ Cloud-provider tools if deeply invested in that cloud
→ Most do the same core job; choose by platform, ecosystem, and needs.

常见的 CI/CD 工具有哪些？

常见的 CI/CD 工具

它们的配置方式（pipeline as code）

选择一个工具

为什么这很重要