容器编排自动化了跨多台机器的容器部署、扩展、联网和管理。随着应用程序增长到跨多个主机的许多容器,手动管理变得不切实际——Kubernetes 等编排器可以处理它。理解这种需求对于生产环境中扩展容器化应用程序很重要。
问题:大规模管理容器
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Running a few containers on one host is manageable. But in production at scale:
→ MANY containers across MANY hosts (dozens/hundreds of services and instances)
→ containers crash → need to restart automatically
→ load increases → need to scale up (more instances) / scale down
→ deployments → roll out new versions without downtime; roll back on failure
→ distribute containers across hosts; route traffic; service discovery
→ Doing all this MANUALLY is impractical and error-prone. → ORCHESTRATION automates it.
