可伸缩性是系统通过添加资源来处理增加的负载(更多用户、请求、数据)的能力。实现它涉及垂直扩展(更大的机器)以及尤其是水平扩展(更多机器),以及负载均衡、缓存和分布等技术。
什么是可伸缩性
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SCALABILITY = the ability to handle GROWTH (more load) by adding resources, maintaining
performance:
→ a scalable system handles 10x or 100x the load by adding capacity
→ a non-scalable system degrades/fails as load grows (a bottleneck)
→ essential because successful systems grow.
