ما هي الأنواع الرئيسية للشبكات العصبية (CNN و RNN والمحولات)؟

CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) → for IMAGES/spatial data:
  → uses convolutions to detect local features (edges, shapes) hierarchically
  → for: image classification, object detection, computer vision
RNN (Recurrent Neural Network) → for SEQUENCES/time-series:
  → processes sequences step by step, maintaining a 'memory' of previous inputs
  → for: text, time-series, speech (older approach; LSTM/GRU variants)
  ⚠️ struggles with long sequences; largely SUPERSEDED by transformers for language
TRANSFORMER → for SEQUENCES (language) and increasingly everything:
  → attention mechanism; parallel; the dominant modern architecture (LLMs)
  → for: language (LLMs), and now vision, audio, multimodal