ما هي الأنواع الرئيسية للتعلم الآلي؟

SUPERVISED LEARNING → learn from LABELED data (input → known correct output):
  → trained on examples with answers → learns to predict outputs for new inputs
  → for: classification (categorize), regression (predict numbers)
  → e.g. spam detection (labeled spam/not-spam), price prediction
UNSUPERVISED LEARNING → find patterns in UNLABELED data (no given answers):
  → discovers structure/groupings on its own
  → for: clustering (group similar items), dimensionality reduction, anomaly detection
  → e.g. customer segmentation, finding patterns
REINFORCEMENT LEARNING → learn through TRIAL and ERROR with REWARDS:
  → an agent takes actions, gets rewards/penalties, learns to maximize reward over time
  → for: game playing, robotics, control, decision-making