OWASP Top 10 هي قائمة معترف بها على نطاق واسع تضم أكثر المخاطر الأمنية الحرجة في تطبيقات الويب، ننشرها OWASP (Open Worldwide Application Security Project). وهي مورد توعية ضروري لفهم الثغرات الشائعة التي يجب على المطورين الدفاع عنها.
ما هو OWASP Top 10
A regularly-updated list of the TOP 10 most critical web app security risks:
→ based on real-world data and expert consensus
→ a standard AWARENESS document — the baseline of vulnerabilities to know and prevent
→ not exhaustive, but the most important/common risks to address first
الفئات (OWASP Top 10 الحديث)
1. BROKEN ACCESS CONTROL → users accessing what they shouldn't (authorization flaws)
2. CRYPTOGRAPHIC FAILURES → weak/missing encryption; exposed sensitive data
3. INJECTION → SQL injection, command injection (untrusted input as code/queries)
4. INSECURE DESIGN → security flaws in the design itself
5. SECURITY MISCONFIGURATION → insecure defaults, exposed settings, verbose errors
6. VULNERABLE/OUTDATED COMPONENTS → using libraries with known vulnerabilities
7. AUTHENTICATION FAILURES → weak auth, broken session management
8. DATA INTEGRITY FAILURES → insecure deserialization, untrusted updates (supply chain)
9. LOGGING/MONITORING FAILURES → can't detect/respond to attacks
10. SSRF → server-side request forgery (server tricked into making requests)
