Menene Route Handlers (API routes) a cikin App Router?

Question

Accepted Answer

**Route Handlers** shi ne hanyar App Router da aka yi nauyi don gina tsotsan API — masu gudanarwa na HTTP na bak-end waɗanda ke zaune a cikin aiki na Next.js. Ka aiki da su tare da fayil na **`route.ts`**, ta fitar da aiwatattun kira bayan hanyoyin HTTP.

## Ƙara wani nuni

```ts
// app/api/users/route.ts  →  serves /api/users
import { NextRequest, NextResponse } from "next/server";

export async function GET() {
  const users = await db.user.findMany();
  return NextResponse.json(users);             // GET /api/users
}

export async function POST(req: NextRequest) {
  const body = await req.json();               // read the request body
  const user = await db.user.create({ data: body });
  return NextResponse.json(user, { status: 201 }); // POST /api/users
}
```

Kowane hanyar waje-dawo (`GET`, `POST`, `PUT`, `PATCH`, `DELETE`) ta shaani wannan fuska. Suna amfani da APIs na Web cakaɗan `Request`/`Response` (ta hanyar `NextRequest`/`NextResponse`).

## Karanta sigar da bubuwar

```ts
// app/api/users/[id]/route.ts → /api/users/123
export async function GET(req: NextRequest, { params }: { params: { id: string } }) {
  const url = new URL(req.url);
  const sort = url.searchParams.get("sort"); // ?sort=name
  const user = await db.user.findUnique({ where: { id: params.id } });
  return NextResponse.json(user);
}
```

## Lokaci na amfani da Route Handlers vs Server Actions/Components

```text
Use Route Handlers for:
  ✓ Public APIs consumed by mobile apps / external clients
  ✓ Webhooks (Stripe, GitHub) — they need a URL endpoint
  ✓ Returning non-HTML (JSON, files, images, RSS)
  ✓ Client-side fetch() targets

Prefer Server Components for reading data into your own pages,
and Server Actions for form mutations — they avoid a manual API layer.
```

## Sauran iyawa

```ts
export const runtime = "edge";       // run on the Edge runtime
export const dynamic = "force-dynamic"; // opt out of caching
// Handlers can also stream responses, set cookies, and handle CORS.
```

## Me ya sa onyx garba

Route Handlers sukan sa Next.js a cikakke: ka gina APIs na REST/JSON, webhooks, da tsotsan fayil tare da gaba tare da na web-standard `Request`/`Response`.

Sanin lokaci da mika wa su (baturi na waje, webhooks, matakai waɗanda ba HTML ba) a makiyaya da amfani da Server Components/Actions (karanta bayanai na ciki da matatawa) shine mahalaci wa tsara app router bak-end a reshe.