Redis Streams nima ne?

Question

Accepted Answer

**Redis Streams** sune tsarin bayanan alamar ajiya - kamar jere-dursuniyar saƙo mai ƙarfin amfani ko alamar abin da ya faru - suna goyan bayan **ƙungiyoyin masu karɓa saƙo**, adadin saƙo da ya dawowa, ikirari, da sake sake dubawa. Sune amsa Redis ga saƙon da za a iya dogara da shi, ƙarin ƙarfi fiye da Pub/Sub (wanda shine aiki-kuma-watse kawai).

## Alamar ajiya da ake kara-kara a gida

```bash
# add entries to a stream (each gets an auto ID: timestamp-sequence)
XADD events * type "signup" user "ann"     # * = auto-generate ID; returns e.g. 1700000000-0
XADD events * type "login" user "bob"

XLEN events                                 # number of entries
XRANGE events - +                           # read all entries (- to +)
XREAD COUNT 10 STREAMS events 0             # read entries (from ID 0)
```

Streams shine **alamar ajiya da ake kara-kara a gida**: abubuwan an haɗa su tare da `XADD` (kowanne tare da nuni na musamman, jerin lokaci) kuma suna tsira a cikin jere - ba kamar Pub/Sub ba, saƙoun ba sa ɓata; ana adana su kuma ana iya sake karanta su.

## Ƙungiyoyin masu karɓa saƙo — aikin tabbatacciya da ma'auni

```bash
# create a consumer group to process the stream
XGROUP CREATE events workers 0

# consumers read messages (each message goes to ONE consumer in the group)
XREADGROUP GROUP workers consumer1 COUNT 1 STREAMS events >

# acknowledge a processed message (so it's not redelivered)
XACK events workers 1700000000-0
# unacknowledged messages can be reclaimed (XPENDING/XCLAIM) → no message lost on crash
```

**Ƙungiyoyin masu karɓa saƙo** suna rarraba saƙou a tsakanin masu karɓa saƙo da yawa (matsakaitawar aikin sarrafa), tare da kowane saƙo zuwa mai karɓa gida daya, **ikirari** (`XACK`) yana tabbatar da sarrafa, kuma **jere da saurin karɓa** (`XPENDING`/`XCLAIM`) tana tabbatar da cewa saƙoun ba sa ɓata idan mai karɓa saƙo ya mutu — tabbatacciya, aƙalla-sau ɗaya ikirari.

## Streams in Pub/Sub

```text
PUB/SUB  → fire-and-forget; offline subscribers MISS messages; no persistence/replay
STREAMS  → PERSISTENT log; messages stored; consumer groups; acknowledgments; replay
  → Streams = when you need RELIABLE delivery, message history, and scalable consumers
  → Pub/Sub = simple real-time broadcast where missing messages is OK
Streams are similar to a lightweight Kafka (log + consumer groups).
```

## Me ya sa ya zama mahimmanci

Ganewa da Redis Streams yana da daraja don **saƙon tabbatacciya kuma sarrafa abubuwan da ya faru** a cikin Redis, saboda haka shi shine ilimin da ya dace - musamman saboda Streams suna magance mahimman ƙaurarei na Pub/Sub.
");Pub/Sub shine sauƙi amma aiki-kuma-watse (masu jarewa offline su tsira dajerer saƙou, babu adanin saƙo), **Streams suna ba da saƙon tabbatacciya**: **alamar ajiya da ake kara-kara a gida** inda saƙou ake adana (ba ɓata ba) kuma ana iya sake karanta/sake dubawa su, sannan **ƙungiyoyin masu karɓa saƙo** suna rarraba saƙou a tsakanin masu karɓa saƙo da yawa don aikin sarrafa da ma'auni, **ikirari** (`XACK`) tabbatar da sarrafa, kuma **sake karɓa saƙon da ke tsira** (`XPENDING`/`XCLAIM`) saboda saƙoun ba sa ɓata lokacin da mai karɓa saƙo ya mutu — daidai yake aƙalla-sau ɗaya, tabbatacciya, ma'auni saƙon sarrafa.

Ganewa da **Streams in Pub/Sub** (Streams don saƙon tabbatacciya, tarihi, da masu karɓa saƙo da ma'auni; Pub/Sub don sauƙin watsa haba-haɓa inda asarar yana karɓa) yana mahimmi don zabi daidai da Redis saƙon tsafta.

Janawa da cewa Streams sune **kamar Kafka mai rainin iko** (alamar ajiya waye tare da ƙungiyoyin masu karɓa saƙo) yana taimaka wajen karanta jiyya nasu - sayin abubuwan da ya faru/saƙon jere-dursa iko a cikin Redis ba tare da tsartar dasaren daban ba don matsakaitawar buƙatuwa, yayin da ƙungiyoyin dasaren (Kafka, RabbitMQ) suna ci gaba da zama daidai don manyan ƙimanin ko mafi mahimmancin saƙon ajiya.

Tun da saƙon tabbatacciya kuma sarrafa abubuwan da ya faru sune sakamaka buƙatuwa, kuma tun da Redis Streams suna ba da tsapakacciyar, adanin saƙo, ƙungiyoyin masu karɓa saƙo-tushe na ƙarfin amfani (magance asarar Pub/Sub ta aiki-kuma-watse) a cikin Redis, ganewa da Redis Streams - alamar ajiya da ake kara-kara a gida, ƙungiyoyin masu karɓa saƙo tare da ikirari da sake karɓa, kuma yadda suke bambanta da Pub/Sub kuma Kafka - shine ilimin da ya dace, abubuwan da za a taba a gida don gina saƙon tabbatacciya kuma abubuwan da ya faru waya da Redis, zabi daidai lokacin da kake buƙata aƙilli saƙo kuma tarihin saƙo da Pub/Sub ba zai iya ba.