IAM (Identity and Access Management) mengontrol siapa yang bisa melakukan apa di AWS — mengelola pengguna, grup, peran, dan izin. Ini fundamental untuk keamanan AWS: setiap tindakan diotorisasi melalui IAM, jadi memahaminya adalah essential.
Apa yang dikelola IAM
IAM controls AUTHENTICATION (who you are) and AUTHORIZATION (what you can do):
USERS → individual identities (people or applications) with credentials
GROUPS → collections of users (assign permissions to a group → all its users get them)
ROLES → identities ASSUMED temporarily (by users, services, or AWS resources)
— no permanent credentials; key for services/cross-account access
POLICIES → JSON documents defining PERMISSIONS (what actions on what resources)
