I security group sono firewall virtuali che controllano il traffico in ingresso e in uscita verso le risorse AWS (come le istanze EC2) — definendo quali porte, protocolli e sorgenti sono consentiti. Sono fondamentali per la sicurezza di rete di AWS.
Cosa fanno i security group
A SECURITY GROUP is a virtual firewall attached to resources (EC2, RDS, etc.):
→ INBOUND rules — what traffic can REACH the resource (port, protocol, source)
→ OUTBOUND rules — what traffic the resource can SEND OUT
→ only ALLOW rules (no explicit deny); everything not allowed is DENIED by default
→ STATEFUL — if inbound is allowed, the response is automatically allowed back
