インシデント対応とは、セキュリティインシデント(侵害、攻撃)を処理するプロセスであり、検知、封じ込め、根絶、復旧、そして学習を行います。防御をしていても侵害は起こりうるため、効果的に対応するための計画を持つことは被害を限定するうえで重要です。
インシデント対応が重要な理由
Despite defenses, security incidents WILL happen (no system is perfectly secure):
→ being PREPARED to respond limits damage, downtime, and data loss
→ a poor/slow/panicked response makes breaches far worse
→ have a PLAN before you need it (you can't improvise a good response mid-crisis).
インシデント対応のライフサイクル
1. PREPARATION → plan, tools, roles, runbooks, monitoring/logging in place beforehand
2. DETECTION & ANALYSIS → identify the incident (monitoring, alerts); assess scope/severity
3. CONTAINMENT → stop the spread/limit damage (isolate affected systems, revoke access)
4. ERADICATION → remove the threat (close the vulnerability, remove malware/access)
5. RECOVERY → restore systems safely; verify they're clean; resume operations
6. POST-INCIDENT (lessons learned) → analyze what happened, improve defenses & the process
(BLAMELESS — focus on fixing, not blaming)
