Apa iku ASP.NET Core lan pipeline middleware-ne?

Question

Accepted Answer

**ASP.NET Core** yaiku framework web modern, cross-platform, lan berperforma dhuwur kanggo ngbangun aplikasi web lan API kanthi C#. Konsep sentral yaiku **middleware pipeline** — rantai komponen sing bisa dikonfigurasi sing saben-sabene ngolah HTTP request/response, nangani hal-hal cross-cutting kayata authentikasi, logging, lan routing.

## API ASP.NET Core minimal

```csharp
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
builder.Services.AddScoped<IUserService, UserService>();   // register services (DI)
var app = builder.Build();

// configure the MIDDLEWARE PIPELINE (order matters!)
app.UseHttpsRedirection();
app.UseAuthentication();
app.UseAuthorization();

// map endpoints (minimal API style)
app.MapGet("/users/{id}", (int id, IUserService svc) => svc.Get(id));   // DI-injected
app.MapPost("/users", (User user, IUserService svc) => svc.Create(user));

app.Run();
```

## Pipeline middleware

```text
Request →  [Logging] → [HTTPS] → [Auth] → [Routing] → [Endpoint]
Response ← [Logging] ← [HTTPS] ← [Auth] ← [Routing] ← [Endpoint]

Each middleware can:
  ✓ process the request, then call next() to pass it on
  ✓ process the response on the way back
  ✓ SHORT-CIRCUIT (return a response without calling next — e.g. block unauthorized)
ORDER MATTERS — e.g. UseAuthentication must come before UseAuthorization.
```

Pipeline yaiku rantai tertib middleware sing mbungkus request. Saben komponen nangani sawijining hal (HTTPS, authentikasi, logging, routing) lan neneruske kontrol - utawa motong sirkuit. **Urutan kritis** (authentikasi sadurunge otorisasi, lsp.).

## Custom middleware lan fitur terintegrasi

```csharp
app.Use(async (context, next) =>
{
    // before: process the request (logging, timing, etc.)
    await next();
    // after: process the response
});
```

```text
ASP.NET Core integrates: built-in DI, configuration, logging, routing, model binding,
validation, auth, and is high-performance (one of the fastest web frameworks).
Styles: Minimal APIs (concise) and Controllers (MVC, structured).
```

## Mengapa iki penting

ASP.NET Core yaiku framework utama kanggo ngbangun aplikasi web lan API kanthi C#, lan alasan gedhe C#/.NET dienggo kanggo pengembangan back-end — mulane mangerteni iku (lan utamane pipeline middleware-ne) yaiku pengetahuan level senior penting kanggo pengembangan web C# modern.

ASP.NET Core yaiku modern, cross-platform, lan **berperforma dhuwur** (salah siji framework web paling cepet), kanthi **dependency injection** terintegrasi, konfigurasi, logging, routing, lan liya-liyane.

**Pipeline middleware** yaiku konsep sentral, penting: iku cara ASP.NET Core ngolah request, minangka rantai tertib komponen sing saben-sabene nangani hal cross-cutting (pengalihan HTTPS, authentikasi, otorisasi, logging, routing) — lan mangerteni iku penting kanggo ngbangun lan ngonfigurasi aplikasi web kanthi bener.
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