Sak kaluaripun definisi layanan dhasar, Docker Compose menawarake fitur kanggo panggunaan nyata — manajemen lingkungan, health checks, kondisi dependensi, profile, konfigurasi jaringan/volume, scaling, lan overrides — sing nggaweke luwih kuwat kanggo pengembangan lan stack kompleks.
services:
app:
build: .
env_file: .env # load environment variables from a file
environment:
- NODE_ENV=production
ports:
- "${PORT:-3000}:3000" # variable substitution with a default
Compose ndhukung file .env, variabel lingkungan, lan substitusi variabel (${VAR:-default}) kanggo konfigurasi fleksibel lan spesifik lingkungan.
services:
db:
image: postgres:16
healthcheck: # define how to check the service is healthy
test: ["CMD", "pg_isready", "-U", "postgres"]
interval: 5s
retries: 5
app:
build: .
depends_on:
db:
condition: service_healthy # wait until db is HEALTHY (not just started)
depends_on kanthi condition: service_healthy (plus healthcheck) meyakinake layanan ngantosan nganti dependensine benar-benar siap — ora mung wiwit — ngatasi masalah umum "aplikasi wiwit sadurunge database siap".
PROFILES → group optional services (e.g. only start "debug" tools when wanted):
docker compose --profile debug up
OVERRIDE files → docker-compose.override.yml auto-merges (dev overrides);
or -f compose.yml -f compose.prod.yml for environment-specific configs
SCALING → docker compose up --scale worker=3 (run 3 instances of a service)
NAMED VOLUMES & NETWORKS → declare and configure them at the top level
Pamahaman babagan fitur Docker Compose lanjut berharga kanggo nggunakake Compose kanthi efektif ing pengembangan nyata lan stack kompleks, ngasasah definisi layanan dhasar.
Dene Compose dhasar mung defineake layanan, fitur lanjut ngatasi kabutuhan nyata: manajemen lingkungan (file .env, substitusi variabel kanthi default) ngaktifake konfigurasi fleksibel lan spesifik lingkungan tanpa hardcoding — penting kanggo nggunakake file compose sing padha wonten setting beda. Health checks kanthi kondisi dependensi (depends_on kanthi condition: service_healthy) ngatasi masalah umum lan munggunaake banget — race condition manawa kontainer aplikasi wiwit sadurunge database benar-benar siap nampa koneksi, nyebabake kegagalan wiwitan; ngerti carane nggaweke layanan tunggu readiness sejati (ora mung wiwit kontainer) penting kanthi praktis kanggo wiwitan multi-kontainer sing andal. Profile (wiwitan layanan opsional selektif kaya debug tools), file override (layering konfigurasi spesifik lingkungan, ex override dev utawa konfigurasi produksi), lan scaling (mbukak multiple instance layanan) nambahi Compose kanggo workflow lan lingkungan beda-beda.
Fitur-fitur iki nggaweke Compose cocok kanggo lingkungan pengembangan sophisticated lan stack aplikasi kompleks tinimbang setup trivial.
Karena pengembangan nyata lan aplikasi kompleks butuh fleksibilitas konfigurasi, ordering wiwitan sing tepat (readiness, ora mung wiwit), lan setup spesifik lingkungan, lan karena fitur lanjut Compose (manajemen env, dependensi basedhealthcheck, profile, override, scaling) ngatasi kabutuhan iki, paham advanced Docker Compose berharga, pengetahuan praktis-relevan kanggo nggunakake Compose kanthi efektif ing proyek nyata, ngangkat saka wiwitan multi-kontainer dhasar dadi alat robust kanggo manage stack aplikasi kompleks, configurable — kanthi fitur dependensi health-check khususé ngatasi masalah keandalan wiwitan nyata umum.
Pustaka pitakon wawancara IT kanthi jawaban rinci — saka Junior nganti Senior.
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