Apa bedane antarane clone, fetch, pull lan push?

Question

IT Interview Practice · Accepted Answer

Limang perintah iki mindahake data antarane repositori **lokal** lan repositori **remote**, nanging nindakake bab-bab liyane. Ngerti perbedaane — utamane **fetch vs pull** — penting kanggo gawe karo remotes kanthi bener.

## clone — nyalin repositori (sekali)

```bash
git clone <url>
# → creates a LOCAL copy of an entire remote repository (all history + branches)
# → sets up "origin" pointing to the remote; done ONCE to start working on a project
```

`clone` ngundhuh salinan lengkap saka repositori remote kanggo mulai gawe — ditindakake sekali saben proyek.

## fetch — undhuh owah-owahan remote (aja digabung)

```bash
git fetch origin
# → downloads new commits/branches from the remote into remote-tracking branches
#   (origin/main, etc.) but does NOT change your working files or current branch
# → SAFE: lets you SEE what's new before integrating it
git log origin/main            # inspect the fetched changes
```

`fetch` ngundhuh owah-owahan remote **tanpa digabung** — file-file kerja kowé tetep apa anane, ngidini kowe amatake sadurunge nggabung.

## pull — fetch LAN gabung

```bash
git pull origin main
# → fetch + merge: downloads remote changes AND merges them into your current branch
# → updates your working files (may cause merge conflicts)
# pull = fetch + merge (or fetch + rebase with --rebase)
```

`pull` nindakake `fetch` banjur langsung **nggabung** owah-owahan menyang cabang saiki — kombinasi sing gampang, nanging owah-owahan file-file kowé (lan bisa anggur).

## push — ngunggah commit-mu

```bash
git push origin main
# → uploads YOUR local commits to the remote (the opposite direction of pull)
# → shares your work; fails if the remote has changes you don't have (pull first)
```

```text
clone → copy a repo (start)      fetch → download (no merge)
pull  → fetch + merge (update)   push  → upload your commits (share)
```

## Napa iki penting

Ngerti bedane antarane clone, fetch, pull, lan push penting kanggo **gawe karo repositori remote kanthi bener**, dadi iku ilmu praktek sing kudu diweruhi — lan perintah-perintah iki asring salah kerti, utamane fetch vs pull.

Masing-masing gawe tujuan liyane: **`clone`** nyalin repositori remote sakabehane kanggo mulai gawe (ditindakake sekali), **`fetch`** ngundhuh owah-owahan remote **tanpa digabung** (kanthi aman ngidini kowe amatake apa sing anyar sadurunge nggabung), **`pull`** nindakake fetch **lan nggabung** (kanthi gampang ngapdet cabang mu nanging owah-owahan file-mu lan bisa ana anggur), lan **`push`** ngunggah commit-mu kanggo nuduhake gawe-mu.

Perbedaan **fetch vs pull kudu diweruhi lan asring salah kerti**: `fetch` ora bengo (ngundhuh tanpa menyuh gawe-mu, dadi kowe bisa amatake owah-owahan dhisik), dene `pull` langsung gabung owah-owahan menyang cabang gawe-mu — ngerti iki ngidini kowe milih cara sing luwih aman yaiku fetch-banjur-amatake manawa kowe pengin kontrol, tinimbang tansaya pull buta.

Meruhi yen **`push` gagal manawa remote duwe owah-owahan sing durung duwe** (butuh kowe pull dhisik) jelaske kahanan sing asring ketemu.

Ngerti arah-arahane (clone/fetch/pull donga owah-owahan *mlebu*; push ngirim owah-owahan *metu*) cetha alur data antarane lokal lan remote.

Amarga gawe karo remotes dadi persiapan kanggo kolaborasi lan keempat perintah iki carane data mindah antarane repositori lokal lan remote, lan amarga salah kerti babagan isine (utamane fetch vs pull) nyebabake kesalahan utawa penggabungan sing ora dèm, ngerti bedane antarane clone, fetch, pull, lan push iku ilmu Git sing kudu diweruhi, asring diterapake kanggo pembangunan kolaboratif — jelaske operasi remote inti sing saben pangembang gawe lan ngatasi perbedaan sing asring salah kerti (fetch vs pull) sing ngrasakake carane kowe kanthi aman gabung owah-owahan wong liya.

clone — nyalin repositori (sekali)

fetch — undhuh owah-owahan remote (aja digabung)

pull — fetch LAN gabung

push — ngunggah commit-mu

Napa iki penting

Pitakon sing gegandhengan