Apa iku testing frameworks lan apa sing diparingake?

Question

Accepted Answer

**Testing frameworks** minangka tools sing nyediyakake struktur lan utilities kanggo nulis lan njalanin tests — organisasi test, assertions, running, reporting, lan sapanunggale. Saben basa duwe frameworks sing populer (Jest, JUnit, pytest, etc.). Dheweke nggawe testing praktis lan standar.

## Apa testing frameworks diparingake

```text
✓ TEST STRUCTURE — define tests and group them (test/it, describe/suite)
✓ ASSERTIONS — check expected outcomes (expect, assert) with helpful matchers
✓ TEST RUNNER — discover, run all tests, and report pass/fail results
✓ SETUP/TEARDOWN — run code before/after tests (beforeEach, afterEach) for shared setup
✓ MOCKING — create test doubles (mocks, stubs, spies) for dependencies
✓ REPORTING — clear output, failure details, coverage integration
```

## Contoh (Jest)

```js
describe('Calculator', () => {        // group related tests
  let calc;
  beforeEach(() => { calc = new Calculator(); });   // setup before each test

test('adds numbers', () => {        // a test
    expect(calc.add(2, 3)).toBe(5);   // assertion
  });

test('throws on divide by zero', () => {
    expect(() => calc.divide(1, 0)).toThrow();
  });
});
```

## Popular frameworks miturut basa

```text
JavaScript/TS → Jest, Vitest, Mocha, Jasmine; Testing Library (UI); Playwright/Cypress (E2E)
Java → JUnit, TestNG, Mockito (mocking)
Python → pytest, unittest
C# → xUnit, NUnit, MSTest
Go → built-in testing package; Ruby → RSpec; PHP → PHPUnit
→ Each language has standard, well-supported frameworks.
```

## Apa iki penting

Pamahaman babagan testing frameworks iku berharga amarga dheweke **practical tools sing nggawe testing feasible**, mula iku migunani foundational knowledge kanggo benar-benar nulis tests.

Testing frameworks nyediyakake essential infrastructure: **test structure** (nentukake lan ngumpulake tests), **assertions** (kanthi helpful matchers kanggo mriksa outcomes), **test runner** (discovering, running, lan reporting on tests), **setup/teardown** hooks (kanggo shared test preparation), **mocking** capabilities (nggawe test doubles kanggo dependencies), lan **reporting** (clear results lan failure details).

Pamahaman apa frameworks diparingake iku kudu amarga kowe nulis tests *nggunakake* framework — ngerti strukture (describe/test, assertions, beforeEach), capabilities (mocking, setup), lan cara njalanin lan maca results iku fundamental practical knowledge kanggo sembarang testing work.

Pamahaman manawa **saben basa duwe popular, standard frameworks** (Jest/Vitest kanggo JavaScript, JUnit kanggo Java, pytest kanggo Python, xUnit kanggo C#, built-in package kanggo Go, etc.) — lan ones sing umum kanggo stackmu — iku practically valuable, amarga kowe bakal nggunakake appropriate framework kanggo bahasamu.

Frameworks standardize lan simplify testing, nyediyakake conventions lan tools sing nggawe writing lan running tests praktis lan consistent sak tim lan project.

Amarga testing merlokake framework (tool nyediyakake structure, assertions, running, lan reporting) lan pamahaman apa frameworks diparingake lan mana sing standar kanggo bahasamu iku perlu kanggo benar-benar nulis lan njalanin tests, pamahaman testing frameworks iku valuable, foundational practical knowledge — tools sing nggawe testing praktis, necessary kanggo sembarang hands-on testing work, lan useful kanggo ngerti standard frameworks lan capabilities dheweke sak languages, basic competency kanggo nulis tests ing sembarang project.