API gateway yra vienas įėjimo taškas, esantis prieš fono (backend) paslaugas — tvarkanty skersines susijusias problemas, tokias kaip maršrutizavimas, autentifikacija, dažnio ribojimai ir kiti dalykai. Tai ypač naudinga mikroservisų architektūrose, kad sukonsoliduoti įprastas funkcijas.
Ką daro API gateway
The API GATEWAY is a single entry point in front of backend services:
Client → API GATEWAY → ┬→ Service A
├→ Service B
└→ Service C
→ handles cross-cutting concerns in ONE place (so services don't each implement them)
→ routes requests to the right service; abstracts the backend from clients
Įprastos gateway atsakomybės
✓ ROUTING → direct requests to the appropriate backend service
✓ AUTHENTICATION/authorization → verify identity/permissions centrally
✓ RATE LIMITING / throttling → protect backends from abuse/overload
✓ Request/response TRANSFORMATION; protocol translation; aggregation (combine service calls)
✓ CACHING; load balancing; SSL termination
✓ LOGGING, monitoring, analytics; error handling
