अवलोकनशीलता भनेको प्रणालीको आन्तरिक अवस्था यसको बाह्य आउटपुटबाट बुझ्ने क्षमता हो — logs, metrics, र traces को माध्यमबाट। यो प्रणाली संचालन, डिबग गर्न, र राख्नको लागि आवश्यक छ (विशेष गरी distributed प्रणालीहरूमा), जहाँ तपाईँ जो देख्न सक्नुहुन्न सो व्यवस्थापन गर्न सक्नुहुन्न।
अवलोकनशीलताका तीन स्तम्भहरू
LOGS → timestamped records of events (what happened) → detailed, for debugging specific issues
METRICS → numerical measurements over time (CPU, latency, request rate, error rate) →
aggregate health/performance; dashboards; alerting
TRACES → follow a request's path through the system (across services) → understand flows,
find bottlenecks/failures in DISTRIBUTED systems (which service was slow?)
→ together: understand WHAT happened, the OVERALL state, and the PATH of requests.
