IAM (Identity and Access Management) kontrollerer hvem som kan gjøre hva i AWS — administrering av brukere, grupper, roller og tillatelser. Det er grunnleggende for AWS-sikkerhet: hver handling autoriseres gjennom IAM, så det å forstå det er essensielt.
Hva IAM administrerer
IAM controls AUTHENTICATION (who you are) and AUTHORIZATION (what you can do):
USERS → individual identities (people or applications) with credentials
GROUPS → collections of users (assign permissions to a group → all its users get them)
ROLES → identities ASSUMED temporarily (by users, services, or AWS resources)
— no permanent credentials; key for services/cross-account access
POLICIES → JSON documents defining PERMISSIONS (what actions on what resources)
