ما هي `git stash` وفي أي حالات تستخدمها؟

You're mid-work with uncommitted changes, but need to switch context urgently:
  → switch branches? Git may refuse (uncommitted changes would conflict) or carry
    them along messily
  → commit half-done work? No — it's not ready (pollutes history)
→ STASH saves your changes aside, giving you a clean working directory to switch.

git stash                      
git stash push -m     
git stash list                 

git stash pop                  
git stash apply                
git stash apply stash@{1}      
git stash drop stash@{0}       
git stash clear