Yaya ake aiki da daidaita load a AWS?

Question

Accepted Answer

**Elastic Load Balancing (ELB)** yana rarraba traffic din shiga a cikin targets da yawa (EC2 instances, containers, da sauransu) — yana inganta **availability** (babu wurin da aka dora kawai) da **scalability** (rarraba load). Yana da mahimmancin ɓangare don tattaunawa da aiki masu inganci.

## Abin da load balancer ya bugi

```text
A LOAD BALANCER sits in front of multiple backend targets and distributes requests:
  Client → LOAD BALANCER → ┬→ Instance 1
                           ├→ Instance 2
                           └→ Instance 3
  → spreads traffic across targets (scalability + no single instance overloaded)
  → HEALTH CHECKS: routes only to HEALTHY targets (an unhealthy one is bypassed)
  → if a target fails, traffic goes to the others → HIGH AVAILABILITY
  → single entry point (clients hit the LB, not individual instances)
```

## Nau'ikan AWS load balancers

```text
APPLICATION LB (ALB) → Layer 7 (HTTP/HTTPS): content/path/host-based routing,
  great for web apps, microservices, containers (route /api → one group, /app → another)
NETWORK LB (NLB) → Layer 4 (TCP/UDP): ultra-high performance, low latency, static IPs
GATEWAY LB → for deploying virtual network appliances
(Classic LB → legacy)
→ ALB is the common choice for HTTP applications.
```

## Muhimman fasalai

```text
✓ HEALTH CHECKS — detect unhealthy targets and stop routing to them (reliability)
✓ Spread across MULTIPLE AZs — survive an AZ failure
✓ Works with AUTO SCALING — automatically includes new instances as they scale
✓ SSL/TLS termination (handle HTTPS at the LB)
✓ Sticky sessions, path/host routing (ALB), WebSocket support
```

## Me ya jawo hankalin

Sanin yaya ake aiki da daidaita load yana da daraja domin yana da mahimmancin ɓangare don gina **tattaunawa da aiki masu inganci** akan AWS, don haka yana da mahimmancin ilimin aiki.

Load balancer yana magana da bubuwan mahimmanci biyu: **availability** (ta hanyar rarraba traffic a cikin targets na baya da yawa tare da **health checks** da suka tsara traffic zuwa targets masu lafiya kawai, don haka idan wata instance ta gazawa, traffic za ta ci gaba zuwa sauransu — tabbatar da ba'a wurin da aka dora) da **scalability** (rarraba load a cikin instances da yawa don babu isa daya ke shirin aiki, da bayar da wurin shiga guda).

Hakan ya sa daidaita load ya zama dole-doleriyya ga kowane aikace-aikace da suke buƙata magudi mai mahimmanci.

Sanin **nau'ikan** — **Application Load Balancer (ALB)** don Layer 7 HTTP/HTTPS tare da content/path/host-based routing (zabin gida don aikace-aikacen web da microservices), **Network Load Balancer (NLB)** don Layer 4 ultra-high-performance TCP/UDP — yana taimaka a zabar daidai.

Sanin **muhimman fasalai** yana da mahimmanci: health checks (don aminci), rarraba a cikin **multiple AZs** (tsere daga AZ gazawar, haɗa tare da babbar sada pattern), haɗi tare da **auto scaling** (ɗakin kamanniya tabbataccen instances yayin su banzawa — don haka daidaita load da auto scaling suna aiki tare don aikace-aikacen allurar AWS), da SSL/TLS termination.

Hadda daidaita load + auto scaling + multi-AZ deployment ita ce faɓin gini don aikace-aikacen AWS masu daidaita da babbar sada.

Sabakin haka tattaunawa da aiki masu inganci suna buƙata rarraba traffic a cikin instances da yawa (don availability da scale), da sabakin haka ELB (tare da nau'ikan sa, health checks, rarraba multi-AZ, da auto-scaling haɗi) shine hanyar wannan, sanin daidaita load yana da daraja, aikace-aikacen gaida AWS ilimi — ɓangaren gida na gina architecture mai juriya da ake amfani tare da auto scaling da multi-AZ deployment don gina aikace-aikace da suke magudi traffic na ainihi da girma mai inganci.