Yaya za ka bukaci git log da git diff da kyau?

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**git log** da **git diff** sune kayan aiki masu ƙarfi don **leƙi tarihi da canje-canje**, tare da zaɓaɓɓun nau'ikan zaɓi, tsari, da kwatanta. Sanin yadda za ka bukacinya da kyau yana taimaka ka fahimci tasirin adadi na layi da bincike canje-canje da daidai. ## git log — binciken tarihi ```bash git log --oneline # compact (one line per commit) git log --oneline --graph --all # visual branch graph of ALL branches git log -p # show the DIFF of each commit (patches) git log --stat # files changed + insertion/deletion counts # FILTERING git log --author="Ann" # commits by an author git log --since="2 weeks ago" # by date git log --grep="login" # commits whose MESSAGE matches git log -S"functionName" # commits that ADDED/REMOVED this code (pickaxe!) git log # history of a specific file git log main..feature # commits on feature not in main ``` The **pickaxe** (`-S`) yana sanye da ƙarfi musamman — yana nemo commits wanda ya gabatar ko cire gundumar jerin, mai kyau don binciken lokacin da code ya bayyana. ## git diff — kwatanta canje-canje ```bash git diff # working dir vs staged (unstaged changes) git diff --staged # staged vs last commit (what will commit) git diff HEAD # all changes vs the last commit git diff main feature # differences between two branches git diff # between two commits git diff -- # changes to a specific file git diff --word-diff # word-level (not line-level) diff ``` ## Haɗihadar ilimi ```text git log --oneline --graph --all → visualize the whole branch structure git log -p -- → full change history of a file (with diffs) git log --follow → file history across renames git blame + git show → who/when/why a line changed (trace context) ``` ## Dalilin da yake masoyi Fahimci yadda za ka bukacinya `git log` da `git diff` da kyau yana da daraja don **leƙi tarihi da canje-canje**, bubuwa da aka bukaci sau da yawa a ci gaban haɓaka, don haka yana da amfani ilimin Git na aiki. **`git log`** shine yadda ka binciki tarihin jigon aiki — sanin nau'ikan zaɓin shi yana canza shi daga jerin sarari zuwa kayan aiki masu ƙarfi na bincike: **tsari** (`--oneline`, `--graph` don ganin tsarin reshe, `--stat` don taƙaitaccen canje-canje), da musamman **zaɓi** (ta marubuta, lokaci, saƙon commits tare da `--grep`, ta fili, ta reshe, da **pickaxe `-S`** masu ƙarfi wanda ke nemo commits wanda ya dabara ko cire lambar katunan takaice — ba da masoyi don binciken lokacin da guntun code ya bayyana ko karya). Wannan sukan baka bukacinya da sauri amsa masu masoyi kamar "wa ya canja wannan da yaushe", "me ya canja a matsayin saituwa na ƙarshe", ko "yaushe aka gabatar da wannan aiki". **`git diff`** shine yadda ka bincike canje-canje tare da gida — kwatanta fayiling da ɗan hannu, wuri, commits, da reshe — ba da masoyi don bita abin da kake gida dakataruwa (`--staged`), kwatanta reshe, da fahimci bambanci. Sanin **haɗihadar ilimi** (ganin tsarin reshe, binciken tarihin fili cikakke tare da `--follow` wajen jiya suna, haɗa blame da nuni don fahimci dalilin da jiya ya canja) yana nuni akan dalilai na bincike masu kyau. Tun da fahimci tasirin adadi na layi da bita canje-canje sune bubuwa da aka bukaci a koyaushe (don gida na doka-bada, bita lamashi, fahimci tarihi, da binciken canje-canje), da tun da `git log` da `git diff` tare da nau'ikan zaɓin su masu ƙarfi sune kayan aiki na farko don wannan, fahimci yadda za ka bukacinya — tsari da zaɓi na log (musamman pickaxe), kwatanta diff, da haɗihadar ilimi — yana da daraja, kira-kira ana abubuwan Git ilimi wanda ya juyar tarihin bincike daga sulama zuwa bincike gida, dalili mai amfani don fahimci da yawo a ci gaban haɓaka na kowane jigon aiki.