A module shine class da aka yi masa decoration tare da @Module() wanda ya tattara abubuwan da suka shafi juna — controllers, providers/services — cikin gida guda. Modules shine yadda NestJS ke tsara aikace-aikacen shuni ga abubuwan da suka dace, kuma kowane Nest app yana da akalla tushen AppModule.
import { Module } from "@nestjs/common";
({
controllers: [UsersController], // controllers belonging to this module
providers: [UsersService], // providers (services) this module creates
imports: [DatabaseModule], // OTHER modules whose exports this module needs
exports: [UsersService], // what this module makes available to importers
})
export class UsersModule {}
controllers → the controllers (request handlers) in this module
providers → the providers/services defined and instantiated here (for DI)
imports → other modules whose EXPORTED providers this module can use
exports → the subset of THIS module's providers shared with importing modules
Modules sun kafa DI scope: mai ba da hanya yana samari a cikin modulensa, kuma ga modules na waje kawai idan aka yi bayyani (kuma module ta waje ta shigo da shi).
@Module({
imports: [UsersModule, AuthModule, DatabaseModule], // compose feature modules
})
export class AppModule {} // the root — bootstrapped to start the app
Kowane aikace-aikace yana da tushen AppModule wanda ya shigo da modules na fasalin aiki, wanda ya tsara dukkan aikace-aikacen.
src/
app.module.ts (root — imports feature modules)
users/
users.module.ts (groups users controller + service)
users.controller.ts
users.service.ts
auth/
auth.module.ts
database/
database.module.ts (shared infrastructure)
Alada shine module ɗaya ga kowane fasali/yanki (masu amfani, shaida, kayan dan kasuwa), sanin lamarin alama da haɗin kai suka bayyana.
// UsersModule exports UsersService...
@Module({ providers: [UsersService], exports: [UsersService] })
export class UsersModule {}
// ...so AuthModule can use it by importing UsersModule
@Module({ imports: [UsersModule] }) // now AuthModule can inject UsersService
export class AuthModule {}
Don amfani da mai ba da hanya daga module daban, module wanda ya ba da kunshin dole ne ya yi bayyani da shi kuma module wanda ke amfani dole ne ta shigo da module wanda ya ba da kunshin — kin ayyukin tunani suka bayyana.
Modules shine asali na tsarinta kowane aikace-aikacen NestJS — suna tattara abubuwan da suka shafi juna na controllers da providers cikin gida guda na gida kuma suna bayyana iyakokin aikin bayyani.
Ganewa abubuwan da hudu (controllers, providers, imports, exports) kuma musamman hanyar shigo/bayyani don bayyana ba da abubuwan da suka dace shafin modules ba shine mahimmi: shine yadda NestJS ke samun tsari na modules, wanda ba shi da haɗin kai wanda kowane fasali shine jikanta kuma tunani ba suka bayyana.
Tsararraki na modules na gida (module ɗaya ga kowane yanki) shine alamun alada yadda ake tsara Nest apps don isa da kiyayewa.
Modules, tare da controllers da providers, sun kafa kayan aiki na NestJS, kin ayyuka sune sanin kauri — kwarewar yadda ake tsara aikace-aikace cikin modules da yadda ake haɗa ba da abubuwan da suka dace a shafin modules ta hanyar shigo/bayyani ba shine mahimmin ilmi — wajajin gida don kin abubuwan da ba su da yawa na aikace-aikacen NestJS kuma shine mahimman inda aka yi ruɗi sau da yawa a gida ne.