Yaya kuke gudanar da ayyukan baci da jere?

Question

Accepted Answer

Don **ayyukan baci** (aikin da bai kamata ya damje karancin HTTP ba), NestJS yayi haɗi da **BullMQ** (jere mai tushen Redis) ta hanyar `@nestjs/bullmq`. Kuna ƙara ayyuka a jere kuma suke aiki a jiya a cikin ma'aikatan daban — suna ɗorawa sauta samar da bukatu da jera aiki masu nauyi ko da jiya a sikin gida.

## Matsalar da jere ke warware ta

```text
Some work is too slow or shouldn't block the request:
  ✗ sending emails, processing images/video, generating reports, calling slow APIs
  → doing it inline makes the user wait and risks timeouts/failures
  ✓ QUEUE the work → respond immediately → a worker processes it in the background
```

## Saita jere

```ts
@Module({
  imports: [
    BullModule.forRoot({ connection: { host: "localhost", port: 6379 } }),  // Redis
    BullModule.registerQueue({ name: "email" }),                            // a named queue
  ],
})
export class AppModule {}
```

## Ƙara ayyuka a jere (mai samarwa)

```ts
@Injectable()
export class NotificationService {
  constructor(@InjectQueue("email") private emailQueue: Queue) {}

async register(user: User) {
    await this.saveUser(user);
    // queue the email INSTEAD of sending it inline → respond to the user immediately
    await this.emailQueue.add("welcome", { userId: user.id }, {
      attempts: 3,                          // retry up to 3 times on failure
      backoff: { type: "exponential", delay: 5000 },
      delay: 60000,                          // optionally delay the job
    });
  }
}
```

Mai samarwa yana ƙara ayyuka (tare da zaɓuɓɓuka kamar sake fesa, jujjuyawa, jinkiri) kuma ya dawo nan da nan — ba'a jira ga aikacin tunatawa ba.

## Aiki ayyuka (ma'aikaci/mabiki)

```ts
@Processor("email")
export class EmailProcessor extends WorkerHost {
  async process(job: Job) {
    switch (job.name) {
      case "welcome":
        await this.sendWelcomeEmail(job.data.userId);   // the actual work, in the background
        break;
    }
  }
}
```

Ma'aikacin `@Processor` yana shan ayyuka daga jere kuma yana yin aiki daidai-daidai — daban-daban daga zagaye/amsa (kuma ana iya zama a cikin tsarin daban).

## Abin da jere ke bayarwa

```text
✓ Async processing — offload slow work, respond to users instantly
✓ Retries & backoff — failed jobs retry automatically (reliability)
✓ Delayed/scheduled jobs — run work later or on a schedule (repeatable jobs)
✓ Rate limiting & concurrency control — bound how fast/many jobs run
✓ Persistence (via Redis) — jobs survive restarts; not lost if the app crashes
✓ Decoupling — producers and workers scale independently
```

## Me ya sa hakan ya matuwa

Aiki na ayyukan baci tare da jere shine mahimman kuna a gida don gina abin da ya ɗika, maimaita sauri, da ƙaida — kuma fahimtar haɗin NestJS na BullMQ yana da mahimman ilimi na manyan matakan.

Jiyya mahimmancin shine tukaice aiki da ba ya kamata ya damje karancin HTTP ba: aikace-aikace bayi, sarrafawa hoton/video, samar da raportocin, daidaita bayanai, ko kira ga saman bugi a yada.

Aiki irin wannan cikin jiya yana sa mutane jira, suna damje kuɗin buɗe juna, kuma suna rasa aiki idan ta kasa — amma **jere** yana bayar da damar karɓa nan da nan yayin ma'aikaci na baci yana aiki a sikin gida a tawali.

A bakan bugi asynchronous, jere suna ba da mahimmancin abubuwan samarwa: **sake fesa ta kusa tare da jujjuyawa** (kwarin uwa da karancin sharnewa mafi inganci), **jinkiri kuma ayyukan waje**, **sarrafa/ƙunshi-ƙunshi**, da **dawowa** (ayyuka mai tushen Redis suna rayuwa ba tare da damje, don aiki bai bace ba).
/'suna kuma **raba** mai samarwa daga mabiki, na ba da damar ƙaita daban.

Saniwa kaida ta saita jere, ƙara ayyuka tare da zaɓuɓɓuka na misali (sake fesa, jinkiri), da aiki a ma'aikatan yana da mahimmanci don shimfida abubuwan gaida da ke damje aiki masu nauyi ko da jiya a sikin gida.

Wannan sune gida, mahimmanci a aikace-aikace NestJS na samarwa kuma yayi nuni ga fahimtar balata na gina karfe, tawali abin da ke wuce sauƙin amsa-jawabin.