Yaya za ka ƙara saurin aikin NestJS?

Question

Accepted Answer

Ƙara saurin aikin NestJS yana haɗe da **zaɓin HTTP adapter** (Express vs Fastify), ingancin database, caching, da ayyukan Node.js na gajeriyar. A kasua: **auna aiki don neman ainihin matsala** — wanda yawanci shine database ko I/O, ba NestJS kanta ba.

## Canja zuwa Fastify don karfin girma

```ts
// NestJS supports Fastify as an alternative to the default Express adapter
import { FastifyAdapter } from "@nestjs/platform-fastify";

const app = await NestFactory.create(AppModule, new FastifyAdapter());
// Fastify is significantly faster than Express (~2x in benchmarks) with the SAME NestJS code
```

Domin NestJS ke da **platform-agnostic**, za ka iya canja Express zuwa **Fastify** — yawanci kusan 2x saurin HTTP throughput — sauran lokaci ba tare da canja code ɗin aikace-aikacen ba. Waje mai sauƙi ga APIs masu girman courance.

## Database ne gida ya kasance ainihin matsala

```ts
// ❌ N+1 queries — fetching related data in a loop (the most common perf killer)
for (const user of users) {
  user.posts = await postsRepo.findByUser(user.id);   // 1 query per user!
}

// ✅ eager load / join / batch in ONE query
const users = await usersRepo.find({ relations: ["posts"] });
```

```text
Database optimizations (the biggest real wins for most APIs):
  ✓ Fix N+1 queries (use joins/relations/DataLoader)
  ✓ Add indexes for slow queries
  ✓ Select only needed columns; paginate large result sets
  ✓ Use connection pooling
```

## Caching ayyukan mai tsada

```ts
@UseInterceptors(CacheInterceptor)   // cache read-heavy endpoints (in-memory or Redis)
// or manual caching of expensive queries/computations
```

Caching (tare da Redis don yawancin abubuwa) yana guje wa maimaita aiki mai tsada — daya daga cikin matakai masu tasiri.

## Async/concurrency da saurin aiki

```ts
// parallelize independent async operations
const [users, products] = await Promise.all([getUsers(), getProducts()]);

// offload heavy CPU work to a queue/worker (don't block the event loop)
await this.queue.add("process-image", data);
```

Ka tsaida I/O mai zaman kanta tare da `Promise.all`, da saurin aiki wanda ya kashe CPU zuwa background queues/workers don kada ya toshe Node's event loop mai zaman kanta.

## Sauran dabarun

```text
✓ Enable compression (gzip/brotli) for responses
✓ Use streaming for large payloads/files
✓ Scale horizontally (multiple instances + load balancer; cluster/PM2)
  — keep the app STATELESS (sessions/cache in Redis, not process memory)
✓ Lazy-load modules where appropriate; minimize startup work
✓ Profile with clinic.js / node --prof to find actual hotspots
```

## Auna farko

```text
Don't guess. Profile (clinic.js, autocannon for load testing) to find the REAL
bottleneck — for most APIs it's the database or external I/O, not Nest/Node code.
```

## Me ya sa ya dace

Auna saurin aiki mai tsada ne masu daraja don gina NestJS services masu alaƙa, sanin zaɓobi ne muhimmi — amma dole ne ya kasance **auna-driven** (auna aiki don neman ainihin matsala, wanda ga yawancin APIs shine database ko I/O maimakon NestJS kanta).

Yawancin dabarun NestJS na musamman da gajere suna da muhimmanci: **Fastify adapter** yana ba da waje mai sauƙi, tasiri mai tsada HTTP-throughput (kusan 2x) saboda NestJS ke da platform-agnostic, gida ba tare da canja code ba; **ingancin database** (gyara N+1 queries, indexing, pagination, pooling) yana ba da riba mafi girma a duniyar gida domin database shine gida ainihin matsala; **caching** (a cikin ƙura ko Redis) yana guje wa maimaita aiki mai tsada; **parallelizing** ayyukan async mai zaman kanta da **saurin aiki wanda ya kashe CPU** zuwa queues yana tabbatar da Node's event loop mai zaman kanta; da **horizontal scaling** (tare da app mara tsari da Redis-backed shared state) yana jawo babbar load.
">aning wannan kayan aiki — da musamman horo na auna aiki farko, jiya ainihin matsala (gida database), da amfani da daidaituwa madaidai maimakon tunanin ko prematurely micro-optimize — ne wanda ya ba ka iko gina saurin, scalable NestJS applications.

Yana nuna mature, systematic dabara ga saurin aiki wanda ya bambanta mananaji da kuma babbar, aiki-muhimmi jiya ga aiki na baje-baje.