Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) iku paradigma sing ngorganisir kode watara objek — bundel state (data) lan behavior (metode) — tinimbang watara fungsi standalone lan data global. Class iku blueprint; objek iku instans konkret sing digawe saka dheweke.
Kowe model masalah minangka set objek sing kooperatif, saben tanggung jawab kanggo datane dhewe. Kode sing butuh data mau njaluk objek nindakake prakara tinimbang nyuwun datane.
class BankAccount:
def __init__(self, owner, balance=0):
self.owner = owner # state held by the object
self._balance = balance # convention: leading _ = internal
def deposit(self, amount): # behavior that owns the data
self._balance += amount
def balance(self):
return self._balance
acct = BankAccount("Mai") # acct is an OBJECT (instance)
acct.deposit(100) # ask the object to act on its own state
print(acct.balance()) # 100
Data (_balance) lan aturan sing ngowahi (deposit) manggon bareng, dadi objek tetep konsisten kanthi internal.
OOP iku paradigma dominan ing bahasa mainstream kaya Java, C#, lan Python, dadi maca lan nulis iku katrampilan dasar.
Nggabung state karo behavior iku sing nggawe sistem gedhe bisa dinavigasi: kowe berpikir babagan sawijining objek ing wektu tinimbang nyata aliran data global ing mana-mana.