Apa iku anti-pattern OOP sing umum?

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Anti-pattern iku "solusi" sing berulang sing katon wajar nanging nyuda desain. Sing paling umum ing OOP yaiku **God Object**, **jejer warisane jero**, lan **Anemic Domain Model**. ## God Object Kelas sing ngerti lan nindakaké kakehan — nglanggar Single Responsibility. ```java class AppManager { // 5,000 lines, touches everything void parseRequest() {} void queryDb() {} void renderHtml() {} void sendEmail() {} void logMetrics() {} void authUser() {} } // Fix: split into focused, cohesive classes (Router, Repo, View, Mailer...) ``` ## Jejer warisane jero ```text Entity → LivingThing → Animal → Mammal → Carnivore → Feline → Cat → HouseCat ``` Saben tingkat nyambung karo kabeh nenek moyang; owah-owahan cedhak sisih ndhuwur menyebar ing njerone (fragile base class). **Fix:** ratakké kanthi composition; luwih seneng kapabilitas "has-a" tinimbang chain "is-a" sing jero. ## Anemic Domain Model Objek sing mung kantong getter/setter kanthi kabeh logika manggon ing papan liya — OOP mung jenenge. ```java // ANEMIC: data with no behavior; rules live in a separate "service" class Order { List items; double total; /* only getters/setters */ } class OrderService { double calcTotal(Order o) { ... } } // logic exiled // RICH: behavior lives with the data it operates on class Order { private List items; double total() { return items.stream().mapToDouble(Item::price).sum(); } } ``` ## Liyane sing kudu dijenengi ```text → Yo-yo problem (jumping up/down a deep hierarchy to follow logic) → Circular deps (A needs B needs A) → Feature envy (a method that mostly uses another class's data) ``` ## Mengapa iku penting Anti-pattern yaiku carane maksud sing apik bosok: God Object biasane diwiwiti minangka pembantu cilik, model anemik minangka "mung DTO", banjur ngalus. Njeneng-jeneng dheweke menehi tim bab tata basa pangupayan-awal sing diparingi bareng ing review kode, lan saben anti-pattern nuding langsung marang prinsip (SRP, composition, encapsulation) sing mbenerake.